Inkqubo ye-froth flotation ichazwa ngokubanzi njengesenzo sekhemikhali yenyama, apho iqhekeza leminerali litsalwa, kwaye lizincamathele kumphezulu weqamza, kwaye lithuthelwe kumphezulu weseli, apho liphuphuma lingene kwindawo yokulahla impahla. , ngokuqhelekileyo ngoncedo lweepaddles, ezijikelezayo kwicala le-launder (edla ngokuba ngumkhumbi, onjongo yayo ikukuthutha i-slurry ukuya kwitanki apho impontshwa khona. ukuqhubekeka phambili, njengokukhupha amanzi okanye ukuvuza, kumatshini ojikelezayo wesiqhelo, ukwicala elichaseneyo leseli ukusuka kwisondlo, uqinisekisa ukuba uhambo oluludaka luphela lweseli ludlulileyo kwiibhanki ezininzi eziqulathe i-impeller-diffusers, ngaphambi kokuba i-impeller ihambe. ukukhutshwa njengeentsimbi.

Iindidi ezininzi zeekhemikhali zibandakanyeka ekujikelezeni kwamagwebu, kwaye ezinye ezininzi zinokubandakanyeka. Okokuqala ngumgqugquzeli okanye i-frother. Le khemikhali idala amaqamza anamandla awoneleyo okuwenza phezulu ngaphandle kokwaphuka. Ubungakanani bamaqamza bubalulekile, kwakhona, kwaye umkhwa ukuya kumaqamza amancinci, kuba anika iindawo ezingaphezulu komhlaba (qhagamshelana nezimbiwa zamaminerali ngokukhawuleza), kwaye ube nokuzinza okukhulu. Okulandelayo ii-reagents zokuqokelela ziyikhemikhali ephambili eya kwenza ikhonkco phakathi kweminerali ethile kumphezulu weqamza. Abaqokeleli babhengeza kumphezulu wezimbiwa okanye bavelise ukusabela kweekhemikhali ngeminerali, beyivumela ukuba ihlale incamathele xa ikhwele ukuya kumatshini wokuhlamba. Utywala kunye neeasidi ezibuthathaka ziintlobo ezimbini zeekhemikhali zabaqokeleli abaqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiminerali beneficiation.

Kukho kwakhona ii-reagents ezisetyenziswa kancinci, ezifana ne-depressors, ukucinezela iikhompawundi ukuze zingabambeleli kumaqamza, i-pH yokulungisa iikhemikhali, kunye ne-activating agents. Iiarhente ezisebenzayo zinceda ngokuyimfuneko umqokeleli ibhondi ngeminerali ethile ekunzima ukudada kuyo.

Iinkampani ezifana neCytec, Nalco, kunye neChevron Phillips Chemical Company ngabavelisi abakhulu bazo zonke iintlobo zeekhemikhali ezidadayo.

Ngokufanelekileyo, ii-reagents ziya kongezwa kwitanki yokumisela, kunye ne-agitator, ngaphambi kokuya kwiseli ye-flotation, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, zongezwa nje kwisondlo, ngaphambi kokuba ingene kwiseli, ixhomekeke kwi-cell kinetics kunye ne-impellers. ukuxuba.

Intsimbi ekrwada idinga ukucolwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuya kutsho kubukhulu bamasuntswana ukuze kukhululwe iiminerali, ngokuqhelekileyo i-100 mesh okanye icolekileyo (150 microns). Emva koko idityaniswe namanzi ukuya kwipesenti efanelekileyo yezinto eziqinileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-5% ukuya kwi-20%), eziya kunika isivuno esihle kakhulu sezimbiwa. Oku kumiselwa kwiiseli zebhetshi ezijikelezayo zelabhoratri, eziqhuba inani leemvavanyo ukumisela ummisi ngamnye wenkqubo.

Iintlobo zoomatshini bokudada ziyahluka ngokubanzi nazo, kodwa zonke ziyafana kakhulu, ngokuba zazisa umoya ophantsi kwamanzi, kwaye ziwusasaze kwiseli. Abanye basebenzisa izivuthelo, iicompressor zomoya, okanye isenzo se-flotation impeller edala isithuba esingaphantsi kwayo kunye nokutsala umoya kumatshini, ngobhobhozo olukwagcina i-impeller shaft. Kukwiinkcukacha zendlela yokwazisa iikhemikhali, umoya kunye neeminerali emanzini eyenza ukuba zihluke.

Kwaye njengezimvo, ndibone i-voodoo engaphezulu kunye namabango angeyonyani okusebenza kuyilo lomatshini we-froth flotation kunayo nantoni na ukusukela ngeentsuku zeoyile yenyoka yase-Old West. Kububulumko ngokubanzi ukunamathela kuphawu olulungileyo olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekujikelezeni kweminerali efunwayo.

Eyona nkqubela phambili inkulu ibe kukusetyenziswa kweColumn Flotation njengeseli edadayo ecocekileyo kushishino lobhedu (kunye namanye amashishini ambalwa). Ivelisa imveliso ecocekileyo, kwaye isebenza ngakumbi njengeseli ecocekileyo, ngokubanzi, kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo ezijikelezayo. Ii<em>column flotation cells zaqala ukubonakala kwizityalo ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970 ukuya kutsho kweyee-1980 yaye zamkelwa ngokubanzi ngeminyaka yee-1990. Eyona ndlela iphambili yeeseli zokudada zesiqhelo ibiyiBigger is Ingcono, kunye neeyunithi ezinkulu eziza kwintengiso kule minyaka ingamashumi aliqela edlulileyo.