Oomatshini basezimayini basetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwimigodi yezimbiwa kunye nemisebenzi yokutyebisa.Kubandakanywa oomatshini bemigodi kunye noomatshini bokuxhamla.Umthetho-siseko wokusebenza kunye nolwakhiwo koomatshini bokukhangela bayafana ubukhulu becala okanye bayafana nezo zisetyenziswa ekwembeni izimbiwa ezifanayo.Xa sithetha ngokubanzi, oomatshini bokukhangela bangababoomatshini basemigodini.Ukongeza, inani elikhulu leekhreyini, abahambisi, ii-ventilators kunye noomatshini bokuhambisa amanzi bakwasetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yemigodi.

Ukuhlelwa koomatshini bemigodi

1. Izixhobo zokutyumza
Isixhobo sokutyumza sisixhobo soomatshini esisetyenziselwa ukutyumza iiminerali.

Imisebenzi yokutyumza ihlala yohlulwa ibe kukutyumza okurhabaxa, ukutyumza okuphakathi kunye nokutyumza okucolekileyo ngokobungakanani bokutya kunye nokukhupha igranularity.Isixhobo segrabile esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo sibandakanya isityum somhlathi, isityuli sempembelelo, isityumzi sempembelelo, isityumzi sekhompompi, isigaba esinye sesando sokutyumza, isityumzi esithe nkqo, isityumzi segyratory, icone crusher, i-roller crusher Machine, i-double roller crusher, i-two-in-one crusher, ixesha elinye. ukwenza i-crusher, njl.

Ukwahlula kwiindidi ezithandathu ngokwendlela yokutyumza kunye neempawu zesakhiwo somatshini (umgaqo wesenzo).
(1) Isityumzi somhlathi (Laohukou).Isenzo sokutyumza kukucinezela amaxesha ngamaxesha ipleyiti yomhlathi eshukumayo kwipleyiti yomhlathi engatshintshiyo ukutyumza iibhloko zentsimbi ezifakwe kuyo.
(2) Isityumzi sekhowuni.Ibhloko ye-ore ibekwe phakathi kweecones zangaphakathi nangaphandle, i-cone yangaphandle igxininiswe, kwaye i-cone yangaphakathi ijika i-eccentrically ukutyumza okanye ukuphula ibhloko ye-ore efakwe kuyo.
(3) I-roller crusher.I-nugget iphantsi koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwi-gap phakathi kwee-roller ezimbini ezijikelezayo ezijikelezayo ezijikelezayo, kodwa nazo zinefuthe lokugaya kunye ne-peeling, kunye ne-toothed roller surface nayo inomphumela wokunqunqa.
(4) Isityumzi sempembelelo.I-ore nuggets ichithwa yimpembelelo yeendawo ezihamba ngokukhawuleza ezijikelezayo.Ukuba kolu didi kunokohlulwa ibe: isityumzi esando;isityumzi sekheji;impembelelo crusher.
(5) Umatshini wokugaya.Intsimbi ekrwada ityunyuzwa yimpembelelo kunye nesenzo sokugaya sesixhobo sokusila (ibhola yentsimbi, intonga yentsimbi, igrabile okanye ibhloko yentsimbi) kwisilinda esijikelezayo.
(6) Ezinye iintlobo zoomatshini bokucola nokusila.

2. Oomatshini bemigodi
Oomatshini basezimayini sisixhobo soomatshini esisetyenziselwa ukumbiwa ngokuthe ngqo kwezimbiwa eziluncedo kunye nomsebenzi wemigodi, kubandakanywa: oomatshini bokwembiwa kwentsimbi ekrwada kunye nentsimbi engeyiyo;oomatshini bokwemba amalahle emigodini yamalahle;oomatshini bokwemba i-oyile kwimigodi ye-petroleum.Idiskhi yokuqala yokucheba umoya wayilwa yinjineli yaseBritane uWalker kwaye yenziwa ngempumelelo malunga no-1868. Ngeminyaka yee-1880, amakhulu amaqula e-oyile eUnited States agrunjwa ngempumelelo ngobhobhozo oluqhutywa ngumphunga.Ngo-1907, i-roller rig yayisetyenziselwa ukugrumba ioli kunye negesi yendalo.Ukususela ngo-1937, ibisetyenziselwa ukugrumba imingxuma evulekileyo..

3. Oomatshini bemigodi
Oomatshini basemigodini Oomatshini bokwemba abasetyenziswa kwimigodi engaphantsi komhlaba nemingxuma evulekileyo ibandakanya: oomatshini bokwemba imingxuma;ukugrumba oomatshini kunye nokulayisha kunye nokothula oomatshini bokwemba kunye nokulayisha intsimbi ekrwada;oomatshini betonela beendawo zokomba, iishafti kunye nomgangatho.

4. Oomatshini bokwemba
Oomatshini bokwemba bohlulwe baziindidi ezimbini : izixhobo zokomba amatye kunye nezixhobo zokomba .Izixhobo zokugrumba zahlulwe zaba zizixhobo zokomba ezingaphezulu kunye nezixhobo zokomba ezisezantsi.
① I-Rock drill: isetyenziselwa ukugrumba imingxunya enobubanzi obuyi-20-100 mm kunye nobunzulu obungaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-20 ematyeni ngaphezu kobulukhuni obuphakathi.Ngokwamandla abo, zinokwahlulwa zibe ngumoya, ukutsha kwangaphakathi, i-hydraulic kunye ne-electric rock drills.Phakathi kwazo, iidrill zomoya zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu.
② Umbhobho wokugrumba umphezulu: Ngokwendlela yokusebenza eyahlukileyo yokutyumza ilitye elikrwada, yahlulwe yaba yintsimbi yentsimbi, i-roller drilling rig, i-roller drilling rig kunye ne-roller drilling rig.Iintambo zokugrumba iintambo ziye zatshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe zezinye izixhobo zokomba ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwazo.
③Isixhobo sokugrumba umngxuma osezantsi: Xa kusetyenzwa imingxuma engaphantsi kwe-150 mm, ukongeza kwi-drill yamatye, i-drill encinci ye-80 ukuya kwi-150 mm ingasetyenziswa.

5. Oomatshini bokwenza itonela
Isebenzisa uxinzelelo lwe-axial kunye namandla ajikelezayo omsiki ukuqengqeleka phezu komgangatho wamatye, inokutyumza ngokuthe ngqo ukwakheka kwelitye elikrwada okanye ukubunjwa kwesixhobo somatshini.Iimela ezisetyenzisiweyo ziquka ii-disk hobs, iihobs zewedge, iihobs zamaqhosha kunye nezixhobo zokusila.Ngokomahluko we-tunneling, yahlulwe yaba yi-rig ekruqulayo, i-shaft boring rig kunye nomatshini odikayo wendlela.
① Ukuphakamisa imingxunya izixhobo zokugrumba zisetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukugrumba imingxuma kunye nee-chutes.Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokungena kumngxuma wokunyusa.Umngxuma wokulingwa ugrunjwa nge-roller bit kuqala, kwaye i-reamer yomngxuma eyenziwe yi-disc hob isetyenziselwa ukuphinda umngxuma unyuke.
②I-shaft drilling rig isetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukugaya iqula ngexesha elinye, kwaye iqulethe inkqubo yesixhobo sokugaya, isixhobo esijikelezayo, i-derrick, inkqubo yokuphakamisa isixhobo sokuqhuba kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza udaka.
③Umatshini wokugrumba, sisixhobo esibanzi esinoomatshini esidibanisa ukuqhekezwa kwamatye kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-slag kunye nokugrumba okuqhubekayo.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindlela zamalahle, iitonela zobunjineli kwimigodi ethambileyo kunye nomgangatho ophakathi wamatye entsimbi enobunzima obuphakathi nangaphezulu.Itonela.

6. Oomatshini bemigodi yamalahle
Imisebenzi yokwembiwa kwamalahle iye yaphuhla ukusuka ekusetyenzisweni kancinci ngeminyaka yoo-1950 ukuya kutsho kubuchwephesha obubanzi ngeminyaka yoo-1980.Ukumbiwa kwamalahle okubanzi koomatshini kusetyenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni okunganzulwanga kabini (enye) igubu elidityanisiweyo labasebenzi basemgodini wamalahle (okanye amakhuba), abahambisi be-scraper abaguquguqukayo, izixhaso ezizihambisayo zehydraulic kunye nezinye izixhobo zokwenza umgodi wamalahle utyumze ubuso kunye nomthwalo Ukucutshungulwa okubanzi kwamalahle, uthutho, inkxaso kunye namanye amakhonkco aya kwenziwa.Umchebi wamagubu amabini ngumatshini wokuwa wamalahle.Imoto yombane idlulisela amandla kwigubu elijikelezayo ukulahla amalahle ngenxalenye yokusika i-reducers, kwaye intshukumo yomatshini iphunyezwa yimoto yombane ngesixhobo sokuhambisa inxalenye.Zimbini iindlela zokutsala, ezizezi, ukutsalwa kwekhonkco le-ankile kunye nokutsalwa kwekhonkco lokungabanjwanga kweankile.Ikhonkco lekhonkco le-ankile liphunyezwa ngokudibanisa i-sprocket yenxalenye yokutsala kunye nekhonkco le-ankile elimiliselwe kwisihambisi.

7. Ukwemba ioli
Oomatshini bokwemba ioli elunxwemeni.Ngokwenkqubo yemigodi, yahlulahlulwe yaba ngoomatshini bokomba, oomatshini bokutsalwa kwe-oyile, oomatshini bokusebenza, kunye noomatshini bokuqhekeza kunye nokufaka iasidi yokugcina imveliso ephezulu yemithombo yeoli.Oomatshini bokugrumba Iseti epheleleyo yezixhobo zoomatshini bokwemba okanye ukugrumba amaqula okuvelisa uphuhliso lweoyile okanye igesi yendalo.Izixhobo zokugaya i-oyile, kubandakanywa i-derricks, i-drawworks, oomatshini bamandla, iinkqubo zokujikeleza udaka, inkqubo yokulwa, i-turntables, ukufakwa kwe-wellhead kunye neenkqubo zokulawula umbane.I-derrick isetyenziselwa ukufakela ii-cranes, iibhloko zokuhamba, ii-hook, njl., ukuphakamisa ezinye izinto ezinzima phezulu naphantsi kumgangatho we-drill, kunye nokumisa izixhobo zokwemba equleni ukuze kugrunjwe.

8. Oomatshini bokulungisa izimbiwa
Ukuzuza yinkqubo yokukhetha iiminerali eziluncedo kwimathiriyeli yezimbiwa ekrwada eqokelelweyo ngokomahluko weempawu zomzimba, zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zeeminerali ezahlukeneyo.Ukuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo kubizwa ngokuba zii-beneficiation machinery.Oomatshini bokunceda bahlulwe babe ngabasebenzi bokucudisa, ukucola, ukuhluza, ukuhlela (ukuhlela) kunye noomatshini bokukhupha amanzi ngokwenkqubo yoncedo.Oomatshini bokutyumza abaxhaphakileyo zizityumzeli zemihlathi, izityumzi zegyratory, izityumli zecone, izityumli zerola kunye nezityumli zempembelelo.Eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu koomatshini bokusila yi-barrel mill, kuquka iirod mill, iiball Mill, gravel mill kunye ne superfine laminated self-mills.Izikrini ze-inertial vibrating kunye nezikrini ze-resonance zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumatshini wokuhlola.Abahluli beHydraulic kunye nabahluli bomatshini basetyenziswa kakhulu ngoomatshini bokuhlela kwimisebenzi yokuhlela emanzi.Oomatshini bokwahlula abaqhelekileyo abasetyenziswayo ngumatshini we-airlift microbubble flotation wecandelo elipheleleyo, kwaye oyena matshini udumileyo wokukhupha amanzi yinkqubo yokukhupha amanzi ekhuselweyo ngamaxesha amaninzi.Eyona nkqubo idumileyo yokutyumza neyokusila yi-superfine laminated self-mill.

9. Ukomisa oomatshini
Isomisi esikhethekileyo se-slime luhlobo olutsha lwezixhobo zokomisa ezikhethekileyo eziphuhliswe ngokwesiseko sesomisi segubu, esinokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi:
1. Ukomiswa kweslima soshishino lwamalahle, amalahle akrwada, amalahle acociweyo adadayo, amalahle axutyiweyo acocekileyo nezinye izinto;
2. Ukomisa i-blast furnace slag, udongwe, i-bentonite, i-limestone, isanti, ilitye le-quartz kunye nezinye izinto kwishishini lokwakha;
3. Ukomiswa kweentsimbi ezahlukeneyo, iintsalela zenkunkuma, iintsalela zezimbiwa kunye nezinye izinto kushishino lokuxhamla;
4. Ukomiswa kwezinto ezingenoburhalarhume kushishino lweekhemikhali.